[204] by the categories which also are the categories of our mind, [such] as causality and time and space and substance and quantity and quality. Everything we encounter, we encounter in these categories. This is the justified argument of idealism^a in the realm of epistemology---this is merely philosophical. And naturalism^b can answer in terms of the RESISTANCE of reality to be dissolved in processes which are dependent on our mind, and the necessity of subjecting oneself to that which is positively given. In the discussion, there is another point, namely the discussion about the doctrine of man.^c Naturalism^d has a strong point here---while its point in epistemology is not so strong---namely that everything which happens in man's mind has a biological basis and cannot be separated from biology and psychology---or, better, from the bodily and psychic reality. On the other hand every act of knowledge---every spiritual act---every act of decision in the moral realm, or in the social realm---(I call all this "spiritual" with a small "s")---every spiritual act of man is not only dependent on the biological basis, but is also a break with it, which transcends it infinitely and subjects itself to norms and structures of logical or moral principles. This means the content or man's spiritual life can neither be understood in terms of reducing itto [sic.] biological functions or in terms of keeping it aside in dualistic terms as another reality than the reality of our biological basis. Neither a reductionist monism of the biological nor a separating dualism of the spiritual are answers. These are inner-philosophical discussion.