[Philos. of Rel.]
I. Ultimate concern in language as such.
1. The fundamental importance of
tural
with the attempt to avoid
in
the difficulties, especially from
situation].)
2. Two different questions a] The presence of
concernas language. b] The nature of the
3.
substance of
the other assertion that
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mind with reality, and that the defined {si} verbal signs
are an abstraction from this encounter. [...] An Argumnt{s}: The original
concrete {richn} richness of primitive
riorisation into merely communicative signs: The abbreviations
by letters without meaning; G. M. = general motors, U. T. S. =
Union Theological Seminary, U. N. = United Nations etc.) – The reduction
of {forms to} grammatical inflexions to poverty, because the communicative
function does not need them (tempora, optative, conjunctive).
The extreme of this development in logical positivism (s. 4).
4. Another side of the same social phenomenon: The dete-
riorizing use of the creative
The still existing great words are used for the lowest
forms of {commu} advertisment: {Ev} Joy, courage, bliss, life
happiness, love, hope, beauty, truth etc. In each of these
words much "ultimate concern" – now the most preliminary con-
cern about profit and pleasure.
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5. The deteriorization of
advertizers. This connected with dehumanization. The dan-
ger of the same negativity in democracies by the slogans of
public communication. – The protest againt all this by
the poets and writers. But the demonic situation of the
use of them by that against which they are fighting, the
advertising and propagandist use of their
6. Creative l
lity. Therefore the creative differences between the genuine langua-
ges. Examples: The Greek
ὀντα. The possibility of realizing the phil
"being" later on. The Roman language and the conceptual pre-
ciseness with respect to social relations, the basis of the Ro-
man law; the German
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French
cartes
predominance of the verb, {pr} foreseeing the English-American
activism etc. Its purging power with respect to mysticism.
In each of these languages an
fest.
7.
positivism
in mathematical abstraction. But otherwise the power based on
the connotations (tradition and experience), the images produced by {it} the word, the
constellation of images in a sentence, the rythm. These are
not emotional additions, but wittnesses of the encounter with
reality which has produced them and mediations of the same
encounter. (Here the question, wether
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Polarity between mathematical and ritual
proportion of designative meaning and power.
II. Linguistic expressions of ultimate concern. The
1. The statement that
supposes the existence of non-symbolic
of word and {t} {only} content generally [...] : direct significatory
a combination of sonnets or letters signifies a thing or a relation or an action.
Understanding a word means combining this combinations with a
definite reality. In this sense all words are signs. But there
is one class which one can call directly significatory. They are
derived from the {practical} technical dealing or handling reality.
This implies the scientific refinement of the system of signs
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This all is still direct objects in time and space are
grasped (including their relations and actions).
2. This origine of
The spatial consciousness as preceding all other categories, the here
and there. This leads to the metaphoric use of
Level, stratum, higher, lower, up, down in all psychic
realities, events and valuations. But a metaphor is not
a
another. But it is still direct.
3. The terms sign and
René Descartes (31. März 1596 – 11. Februar 1650) war ein französischer Mathematiker, Naturforscher und Philosoph, der nach Studien in La Flèche und Poitiers als Privatgelehrter in den Niederlanden den “Discours de la méthode” (1637), die “Meditationes” (1641) und die “Principia philosophiae” (1644) verfasste. Er begründete die Analytische Geometrie, entwickelte eine mechanistische Naturphilosophie auf der Basis der Unterscheidung von ausgedehnter (res extensa) und denkender Substanz (res cogitans) und leitete aus dem berühmten “cogito, ergo sum” eine erkenntnistheoretische Grundlegung der Wissenschaft ab, deren Gewissheit er in der Verlässlichkeit Gottes verankerte. Descartes’ Verbindung von mathematischer Methode, metaphysischer Gewissheit und physikalischer Systematik machte ihn zu einer Schlüsselfigur der neuzeitlichen Wissenschafts- und Ideengeschichte.