[14] the psychoanalytic and generally depth-psychological consideration of man confirms the perceptions of the great artists, poets and novelists. These functions are what we want to deal with this first semester. I now come back to language. Language^a has two functions. Up to now I only dealt with one function: the designating. It designates universal. But language always has another function at the same time: communication. These two functions are equally fundamental and are interdependent. The emphasis in techniques, in science, and even in art was on the designative function of language. In the other group of cultural functions the emphasis is on the communicative function. This leads to the first function of the second group, namely the function of social exchange, with which we must start next semester's lectures--of course always under the point of view of their relationship to religion. The function of social exchange has many forms: economic exchange (usually called trading); intellectual exchange (teaching, discussing, receiving); the transforming exchange (using technical elements, as in medicine and education); the spiritual exchange (communication of meanings); and most important, the personal exchange (what we usually call love, in all its different forms). Now all this belongs to what I call social exchange. And religion^b in relation to social exchange (or social community, if you prefer this phrase) is the fifth cultural function, the first in the second large group. But social exchange presupposes the existence of a society of persons. This leads to the next function, the function of the law. Social exchange goes on under the law, under a legal structure of all social relations. The importance of this doesn’t need to be emphasized in Harvard University and its famous Law School. But sometimes it is good that the Law School is related to philosophy and theology, and that the function of the law (besides its organization of social exchange for man’s WHOLE culture, and for his ultimate concern, namely religion) is discussed. And that is what we shall do. The law^c is also as genuine as language, and is also older than developed science. When I use the word "law" I want to remind you of the fact that this word is used today in two very different ways: on the one hand, the social law, which organizes